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41. Achilles fighting Memnon

Description: Pottery: red-figured volute-krater (bowl for mixing wine and water) with figure scenes on confined to a narrow, frieze-like band that encircles the lower element of the neck. (a) Combat of Achilles and Hector in the presence of Athena and Apollo. On the left, Achilles (youthful) presses forward with shield advanced and spear shortened to deal a finishing stroke to Hector (bearded), who, bleeding from wounds in the chest and left thigh, sinks helplessly backwards, with shield extended to right and point of spear dropped; each has a helmet with raised cheek-pieces, and a sword at side attached to his cross-belt. Beside each is inscribed his name, AXIΛΛEYΣ, Άχιλλενς, HEKTOP (retr.), Έκτωρ. On the left, Athene, with long chiton decorated with crosses and a border at the knees, a mantle fastened on the right shoulder falling in pteryges, aegis dotted and edged with snakes, helmet, and spear on right arm, rushes forward with left arm outstretched, as if to encourage Achilles: beside her, her name, ΑΘΕΝΑΙΑ, Αθηναία. On the right Apollo, youthful, with a mass of long brown hair, fillet, and mantle, moves away to right, looking back and holding out in right an arrow pointed towards Hector, as if he were about to hurl it; in his right he holds a long bow, with a raised piece on the inner curve at the handle, and quiver at back; before him, his name, ΑΠΟΛΛΟΝ (retr.), Άττόλλων. (b) Combat of Achilles and Memnon in the presence of Thetis and Eos. Achilles is as in (a), except that his helmet has cheek-pieces lowered and a nasal; inscription as before. Memnon is bearded, and has his mouth open, as if shouting: he rushes forward, covered with his shield foreshortened (device, a bull's head, half seen), with a sword drawn back in his right hand; his armour is the same as that of Hector; beside him, his name, MEMNON (retr.), Μεμνων. On the left Thetis rushes forward, her right hand, raised, her left extended, as if she were clapping her hands; her hair is long and brown, and confined with a fillet; she has a long chiton, a mantle over her shoulders, raised high around the back of the neck in a shell form, and bracelets; beside her, her name, ΘETIΣ, θέτις. On right, Eos runs forward, with her right extended, and with her left hand tearing her hair; she wears a long chiton decorated with crosses and a band of zigzags at knee, a mantle fastened on her right shoulder, a fillet and bracelets; beside her, her name, HEOΣ, Εως. Purple inscriptions, blood fillet, sword-belts in (b), and bracelets. Brown inner markings, hair on cheek, folds on chiton of Thetis; and brown strokes for hair of Apollo and Thetis. Eye in archaic type. The designs occupy bands on each side of the neck, the figures being spread out to cover the long space. Over them, a moulding, on which is an elaborate pattern, a band of alternate palmette and flower interlaced, on a similar band inverted; over this, on the lip, alternate dotted cross squares and key patterns. The body is black, but has at the bottom a band of rays; on the moulded sides of the handles, ivy pattern; round each of the lower insertions, tongue pattern. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893

42. Achilles fighting Memnon

Description: Pottery: red-figured volute-krater (bowl for mixing wine and water) with figure scenes on confined to a narrow, frieze-like band that encircles the lower element of the neck. (a) Combat of Achilles and Hector in the presence of Athena and Apollo. On the left, Achilles (youthful) presses forward with shield advanced and spear shortened to deal a finishing stroke to Hector (bearded), who, bleeding from wounds in the chest and left thigh, sinks helplessly backwards, with shield extended to right and point of spear dropped; each has a helmet with raised cheek-pieces, and a sword at side attached to his cross-belt. Beside each is inscribed his name, AXIΛΛEYΣ, Άχιλλενς, HEKTOP (retr.), Έκτωρ. On the left, Athene, with long chiton decorated with crosses and a border at the knees, a mantle fastened on the right shoulder falling in pteryges, aegis dotted and edged with snakes, helmet, and spear on right arm, rushes forward with left arm outstretched, as if to encourage Achilles: beside her, her name, ΑΘΕΝΑΙΑ, Αθηναία. On the right Apollo, youthful, with a mass of long brown hair, fillet, and mantle, moves away to right, looking back and holding out in right an arrow pointed towards Hector, as if he were about to hurl it; in his right he holds a long bow, with a raised piece on the inner curve at the handle, and quiver at back; before him, his name, ΑΠΟΛΛΟΝ (retr.), Άττόλλων. (b) Combat of Achilles and Memnon in the presence of Thetis and Eos. Achilles is as in (a), except that his helmet has cheek-pieces lowered and a nasal; inscription as before. Memnon is bearded, and has his mouth open, as if shouting: he rushes forward, covered with his shield foreshortened (device, a bull's head, half seen), with a sword drawn back in his right hand; his armour is the same as that of Hector; beside him, his name, MEMNON (retr.), Μεμνων. On the left Thetis rushes forward, her right hand, raised, her left extended, as if she were clapping her hands; her hair is long and brown, and confined with a fillet; she has a long chiton, a mantle over her shoulders, raised high around the back of the neck in a shell form, and bracelets; beside her, her name, ΘETIΣ, θέτις. On right, Eos runs forward, with her right extended, and with her left hand tearing her hair; she wears a long chiton decorated with crosses and a band of zigzags at knee, a mantle fastened on her right shoulder, a fillet and bracelets; beside her, her name, HEOΣ, Εως. Purple inscriptions, blood fillet, sword-belts in (b), and bracelets. Brown inner markings, hair on cheek, folds on chiton of Thetis; and brown strokes for hair of Apollo and Thetis. Eye in archaic type. The designs occupy bands on each side of the neck, the figures being spread out to cover the long space. Over them, a moulding, on which is an elaborate pattern, a band of alternate palmette and flower interlaced, on a similar band inverted; over this, on the lip, alternate dotted cross squares and key patterns. The body is black, but has at the bottom a band of rays; on the moulded sides of the handles, ivy pattern; round each of the lower insertions, tongue pattern. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893

43. Achilles fighting Hektor

Description: Pottery: red-figured volute-krater (bowl for mixing wine and water) with figure scenes on confined to a narrow, frieze-like band that encircles the lower element of the neck. (a) Combat of Achilles and Hector in the presence of Athena and Apollo. On the left, Achilles (youthful) presses forward with shield advanced and spear shortened to deal a finishing stroke to Hector (bearded), who, bleeding from wounds in the chest and left thigh, sinks helplessly backwards, with shield extended to right and point of spear dropped; each has a helmet with raised cheek-pieces, and a sword at side attached to his cross-belt. Beside each is inscribed his name, AXIΛΛEYΣ, Άχιλλενς, HEKTOP (retr.), Έκτωρ. On the left, Athene, with long chiton decorated with crosses and a border at the knees, a mantle fastened on the right shoulder falling in pteryges, aegis dotted and edged with snakes, helmet, and spear on right arm, rushes forward with left arm outstretched, as if to encourage Achilles: beside her, her name, ΑΘΕΝΑΙΑ, Αθηναία. On the right Apollo, youthful, with a mass of long brown hair, fillet, and mantle, moves away to right, looking back and holding out in right an arrow pointed towards Hector, as if he were about to hurl it; in his right he holds a long bow, with a raised piece on the inner curve at the handle, and quiver at back; before him, his name, ΑΠΟΛΛΟΝ (retr.), Άττόλλων. (b) Combat of Achilles and Memnon in the presence of Thetis and Eos. Achilles is as in (a), except that his helmet has cheek-pieces lowered and a nasal; inscription as before. Memnon is bearded, and has his mouth open, as if shouting: he rushes forward, covered with his shield foreshortened (device, a bull's head, half seen), with a sword drawn back in his right hand; his armour is the same as that of Hector; beside him, his name, MEMNON (retr.), Μεμνων. On the left Thetis rushes forward, her right hand, raised, her left extended, as if she were clapping her hands; her hair is long and brown, and confined with a fillet; she has a long chiton, a mantle over her shoulders, raised high around the back of the neck in a shell form, and bracelets; beside her, her name, ΘETIΣ, θέτις. On right, Eos runs forward, with her right extended, and with her left hand tearing her hair; she wears a long chiton decorated with crosses and a band of zigzags at knee, a mantle fastened on her right shoulder, a fillet and bracelets; beside her, her name, HEOΣ, Εως. Purple inscriptions, blood fillet, sword-belts in (b), and bracelets. Brown inner markings, hair on cheek, folds on chiton of Thetis; and brown strokes for hair of Apollo and Thetis. Eye in archaic type. The designs occupy bands on each side of the neck, the figures being spread out to cover the long space. Over them, a moulding, on which is an elaborate pattern, a band of alternate palmette and flower interlaced, on a similar band inverted; over this, on the lip, alternate dotted cross squares and key patterns. The body is black, but has at the bottom a band of rays; on the moulded sides of the handles, ivy pattern; round each of the lower insertions, tongue pattern. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893

44. Apollo and Artemis

Description: Pottery: red-figured oinochoe with trefoil mouth. On the body: Apollo and Artemis. On the left Apollo stands holding in his left a chelys, his right resting on his hip; he is a youthful beardless figure with long wavy hair, of which a single tress falls on each shoulder; he wears a long sleeved chiton and himation. He is confronted by Artemis, who holds in her left a bow, and holds up her right hand as if addressing Apollo. She wears a long sleeved chiton, himation fastened on the left shoulder, a quiver, and a radiated stephane; her hair is passed at the end through a roll. On the foot an incised character. Late stage of strong severe style. Brown inner markings and upper folds of chiton; the hair over the forehead in rows of dots in thinned black. The lower folds of the chiton are arranged in regular groups of four each. Below, a strip of pairs of maeanders set alternate ways, separated by dotted cross squares; at the junction of the neck, a strip of egg pattern. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893

45. Nike

Description: Pottery: red-figured oinochoe with trefoil mouth. On body: Nike flying to right towards an altar, holding in her right a thymiaterion, in her left a phiale mesomphalos. Her face, wings and body are en face; she wears an Ionic chiton, a himation over both shoulders, bracelets and a saccos; her hair falls in three wavy tresses on each shoulder; and around her neck is a necklace with cruciform pendant. The thymiaterion has a cover ornamented with rows of dots and zigzags. The altar is in the form of an Ionic capital with volutes supporting a curved rim; from behind (or out of ?) it springs a long shoot with tendrils, terminating in a flower. Later stage of severe style. Purple bracelets. Brown upper folds of chiton, hair over forehead, details of wings and thymiaterion, and necklace. Eyes (full face) of archaic type. Below, a strip of maeander; above, at junction of neck, of egg pattern. --The British Museum, Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893

46. Herakles

Description: Photograph from the personal collection of Dr. Steven Lowenstam (1945-2003), Department of Classics, University of Oregon.

47. Aging reveler

Description: Pottery: red-figured neck-amphora, with twisted handles. (a) Anacreon type. A bearded reveller walking to right, wreathed in ivy and playing on the chelys: his head hangs forward to left, with eyes upturned as if partly drunk. The nose is curiously squat and broad, like that of a bearded satyr. His mantle flies back with the motion; and he has a staff under his left shoulder. (b) Ephebos, wreathed, walking to right, holding in his right hand horizontally a crutch staff, and extending his left on a level with his shoulder, holding on the palm upright a kylix: a mantle, rolled up, flies back from both arms. Extremities carefully drawn. Purple wreaths, tuning pegs, and cord of plectrum. Elaborate brown inner markings: the beard and the edge of the hair in a are indicated throughout in carefully traced-brown lines, which are also used for the knuckles of the bent hand and nostril in b and the hair on the cheek. Eye in archaic type, with inner angle open. Edge of hair dotted: and a dotted rosette for the left breast. Below a, a strip, alternate maeander and dotted cross squares: below b, a strip of key pattern. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Walters, H B, Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain 4, British Museum 3, London, BMP, 1927

48. Reveller

Description: Pottery: red-figured neck-amphora, with twisted handles. (a) Anacreon type. A bearded reveller walking to right, wreathed in ivy and playing on the chelys: his head hangs forward to left, with eyes upturned as if partly drunk. The nose is curiously squat and broad, like that of a bearded satyr. His mantle flies back with the motion; and he has a staff under his left shoulder. (b) Ephebos, wreathed, walking to right, holding in his right hand horizontally a crutch staff, and extending his left on a level with his shoulder, holding on the palm upright a kylix: a mantle, rolled up, flies back from both arms. Extremities carefully drawn. Purple wreaths, tuning pegs, and cord of plectrum. Elaborate brown inner markings: the beard and the edge of the hair in a are indicated throughout in carefully traced-brown lines, which are also used for the knuckles of the bent hand and nostril in b and the hair on the cheek. Eye in archaic type, with inner angle open. Edge of hair dotted: and a dotted rosette for the left breast. Below a, a strip, alternate maeander and dotted cross squares: below b, a strip of key pattern. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Walters, H B, Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain 4, British Museum 3, London, BMP, 1927