Image Description from historic lecture booklet: "Today one notices other effects of lack of cooperation. Instead of having one common price taxi men bid against each other and compete as individuals for business. As a result no one is getting much ahead and old fashioned methods and equipments are still in style."
Image Description from historic lecture booklet: "Carpenter in his geographical reader thus describes this kind of wagon: 'What is that squealing outside the market? It sounds like a pig in the hands of a butcher. They surely cannot kill hogs here in the midst of the city. It is only the creaking of a farm cart which is bringing wheat to the market. There it comes through the door. it has wheels eight feet in height, with hubs as big around as your waist, and an axle as thick as a telegraph pole. The cart has an arched cover of reeds over its bed. The kinds which have been sewed to the top are put there to keep the rain off the wheat. Such farm carts take the place of wagons throughout Argentina. they look very rude, but each cart will hold several tons--so much , indeed, that teams of twelve oxen are often hitched to one car.'"
Image Description from historic lecture booklet: "Most of those who have gone to live in Australia are English-speaking people, and they have discouraged the importation of Negroes from Africa and of laborers from India and China. More help is needed in order to develop the great resources of the country, but the white inhabitants prefer to develop them less rapidly and to keep the country for those who use the same language and have similar ideals of social, industrial, and political life. "
Image Description from historic lecture booklet: "A good macadamized road extends from Jaffa to Jerusalem. The section of road in the picture with its serpentine windings is six or eight miles from Jerusalem."
Image Description from historic lecture booklet: "Ireland has very few industries save agriculture, and is low in natural resources. In some of the level sections peat is the principal product. This is dug up, hauled to town and sold for fuel. The women play a large part in marketing this." Photograph was hand colored.
This view shows Portland when it had not yet outdistanced its rival, the growing town of Milwaukee, for metropolitan honors. Each aspired to be the head of permanent navigation for ocean steamers. The Oregonian had just been established in December of the preceeding year. Within another year Portland had established itself as the head ocean going navigation and has ever since held that place. In 1848 only three or four vessels entered the Willamette. In 1850 over fifty ships found their way up to the vicinity of Portland.
Image Description from historic lecture booklet: "Competent men not only shear the sheep but class and bale and fleeces. The wool is then taken to the railroad for transporting to the wool store."