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1. Youth and Family Services Event

Youth and Family Services Event

Description: People gathered around a booth at The Urban League of Portland Youth and Family Services event.

2. Youth and Family Services Event

Youth and Family Services Event

Description: Female youth members performing at The Urban League of Portland Youth and Family Services event.

3. Youth Summer Employment Program participant

Youth Summer Employment Program participant

Description: A participant in the Youth Summer Employment Program uses a gas-powered trimmer.

4. Whitney Young Learning Center participants

Whitney Young Learning Center participants

Description: Students at Whitney Young Learning Center

5. Whitney Young Learning Center Participants

Whitney Young Learning Center Participants

Description: Includes Youth and Adults

6. Whitney Young Learning Center

Whitney Young Learning Center

Description: Dana Spears studying at Whitney Young Learning Center

7. Whitney Young Learning Center

Whitney Young Learning Center

Description: Student working at a computer at the Whitney Young Learning Center.

8. Whitney Young Learning Center

Whitney Young Learning Center

Description: Student participants in Poetry reading.

9. Whitney Young Learning Center

Whitney Young Learning Center

Description: Students in Classroom

10. Warm Springs 4-H youth

Warm Springs 4-H youth

11. Warm Springs 4-H youth

Warm Springs 4-H youth

12. Walkathon

Description: Multnomah County Diversion group of walkers.

13. Walkathon

Description: TRUANCY & DOS Programs information booth at the walkathon.

14. Walkathon

Description: Thomas J. High School (Portland, OR) group of walkers.

15. Walkathon

Description: Hispanic Outreach Programs information booth at the walkathon.

16. Walkathon

Description: Walkathon participants and attendees in the track & field bleachers.

17. Walkathon

Description: Whitney Young Jr. Learning Center information booth at the walkathon.

18. Walkathon

Description: Healthy Grandparent Programs information booth at the walkathon.

19. Walkathon

Description: Information booth at the walkathon.

20. Walkathon

Description: Family Support Services information booth at the walkathon.

21. Walkathon

Description: Urban League Choir performing at the walkathon.

22. Walkathon

Description: Group of people walking.

23. Walkathon

Description: Holy Redeemer Area School group of walkers.

24. Walkathon

Description: Urban League Choir performing at the walkathon.

25. Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Description: Participants cleaning up litter.

26. Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Description: Participants sledding.

27. Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Description: Participants in the woods.

28. Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Description: Participants listening to presentation in Forest Service classroom

29. Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Description: Participants sledding.

30. Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Urban forest outing to Mount Hood

Description: Participants sledding.

31. Urban League staff with award

Urban League staff with award

32. Urban League of Portland building (right)

Urban League of Portland building (right)

Description: The Urban League of Portland building is on the southwest corner of Williams and Russell Steet in Portland, Oregon.

33. Urban League of Portland building (left)

Urban League of Portland building (left)

Description: The Urban League of Portland building is on the southwest corner of Williams and Russell Steet in Portland, Oregon.

34. Urban League of Portland building

Urban League of Portland building

Description: The Urban League of Portland building is on the southwest corner of Williams and Russell Steet in Portland, Oregon.

35. Urban League exhibit at Albina Boosters Jamboree in Irving Park

Urban League exhibit at Albina Boosters Jamboree in Irving Park

36. Urban League Offices

Urban League Offices

Description: Lawrence Dark (far left) celebrating in the Urban League offices.

37. Urban League Employment Department

Urban League Employment Department

38. Urban League Employment Department

Urban League Employment Department

39. Urban League Billboard

Urban League Billboard

Description: Urban League of Portland billboard on the side of a building located on NE Marting Luther King Jr. Blvd and Failing St.

40. Urban League Banner at picnic

Urban League Banner at picnic

41. University of Oregon MEChA banner

University of Oregon MEChA banner

Description: University of Oregon demonstration marchers MEChA banner.

42. Under the Autumn Moon Festival, Portland, Oregon, 1996

Under the Autumn Moon Festival, Portland, Oregon, 1996

Description: The Autumn Moon Festival is a harvest festival celebrated in China and across many east Asian countries. The festival dates back to the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600-1046 BCE) and takes place outdoors during an autumn full moon, usually in September or October. The festival is nearly as important a holiday in the Chinese calendar as is the Chinese Lunar New Year and is a legal holiday in many countries. The moon’s perfectly round shape is a symbol of family harmony and unity. Even if they are apart, loved ones are united as they gaze up at the moon together. Common festivities as part of Portland's festival include a lantern viewing, performances of dragon and lion dances, opera and storytelling, poetry and calligraphy activities, and eating mooncakes, a rich pastry decorated with designs and filled with a variety of fillings including seeds, nuts, date paste, and smashed beans. Additionally, there are many games played at twilight regarding flights of the soul, spirit possession, or fortune telling.

43. Under the Autumn Moon Festival participants, Portland, Oregon, 1996

Under the Autumn Moon Festival participants, Portland, Oregon, 1996

Description: The Autumn Moon Festival is a harvest festival celebrated in China and across many east Asian countries. The festival dates back to the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600-1046 BCE) and takes place outdoors during an autumn full moon, usually in September or October. The festival is nearly as important a holiday in the Chinese calendar as is the Chinese Lunar New Year and is a legal holiday in many countries. The moon’s perfectly round shape is a symbol of family harmony and unity. Even if they are apart, loved ones are united as they gaze up at the moon together. Common festivities as part of Portland's festival include a lantern viewing, performances of dragon and lion dances, opera and storytelling, poetry and calligraphy activities, and eating mooncakes, a rich pastry decorated with designs and filled with a variety of fillings including seeds, nuts, date paste, and smashed beans. Additionally, there are many games played at twilight regarding flights of the soul, spirit possession, or fortune telling.

44. Under the Autumn Moon Festival participants, Portland, Oregon, 1996

Under the Autumn Moon Festival participants, Portland, Oregon, 1996

Description: The Autumn Moon Festival is a harvest festival celebrated in China and across many east Asian countries. The festival dates back to the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600-1046 BCE) and takes place outdoors during an autumn full moon, usually in September or October. The festival is nearly as important a holiday in the Chinese calendar as is the Chinese Lunar New Year and is a legal holiday in many countries. The moon’s perfectly round shape is a symbol of family harmony and unity. Even if they are apart, loved ones are united as they gaze up at the moon together. Common festivities as part of Portland's festival include a lantern viewing, performances of dragon and lion dances, opera and storytelling, poetry and calligraphy activities, and eating mooncakes, a rich pastry decorated with designs and filled with a variety of fillings including seeds, nuts, date paste, and smashed beans. Additionally, there are many games played at twilight regarding flights of the soul, spirit possession, or fortune telling.

45. Two guests at Urban League picnic

Two guests at Urban League picnic

46. Tutoring session

Tutoring session

Description: An unidentified woman tutoring children.

47. Tutoring session

Tutoring session

Description: An unidentified woman tutoring children.

48. Tutoring program at the Whitney Young Learning Center

Tutoring program at the Whitney Young Learning Center

Description: Volunteer (Helloise) tutoring students, LaToya Manlove and Quinyonia Wheatly at the Whitney Young Learning Center

49. Tutoring Session

Tutoring Session

Description: Children attending a tutoring session.

50. Tobacco Prevention and Education Event Welcome Reception

Tobacco Prevention and Education Event Welcome Reception

Description: Tobacco Prevention and Education Event sponsored by Tektronix, Inc. and The Urban League of Portland's Tobacco Prevention and Education Program.

51. Tobacco Prevention and Education Event Welcome Reception

Tobacco Prevention and Education Event Welcome Reception

Description: Tobacco Prevention and Education Event sponsored by Tektronix, Inc. and The Urban League of Portland's Tobacco Prevention and Educaiton Program.

52. Three guests at Urban League picnic

Three guests at Urban League picnic

53. Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Description: The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) is a union of Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla tribes. CTUIR is governed by a Constitution and by-laws adopted in 1949. Tribal members exercise and protect their rights by continuing to practice their traditional tribal religion - Washat - and speak their native languages. The Tamástslikt Cultural Institute (Tuh-must-slickt meaning “interpreting our own story”) is a museum and research institute located on the Umatilla Indian Reservation. Tamástslikt tells the story of the Oregon Trail from the perspective of the tribal community. The permanent exhibition in the museum provides a history of the cultures of the three tribes and of the reservation itself. There is also a second hall for temporary exhibitions of Native American art, craftwork, history, and folklore related to the tribes. The CTUIR secured funding from the federal government, community supporters, and lottery and casino funds, to complete the center. The Tamástslikt opening included a multi-generational procession culminating in speeches and demonstrations.

54. Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Description: The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) is a union of Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla tribes. CTUIR is governed by a Constitution and by-laws adopted in 1949. Tribal members exercise and protect their rights by continuing to practice their traditional tribal religion - Washat - and speak their native languages. The Tamástslikt Cultural Institute (Tuh-must-slickt meaning “interpreting our own story”) is a museum and research institute located on the Umatilla Indian Reservation. Tamástslikt tells the story of the Oregon Trail from the perspective of the tribal community. The permanent exhibition in the museum provides a history of the cultures of the three tribes and of the reservation itself. There is also a second hall for temporary exhibitions of Native American art, craftwork, history, and folklore related to the tribes. The CTUIR secured funding from the federal government, community supporters, and lottery and casino funds, to complete the center. The Tamástslikt opening included a multi-generational procession culminating in speeches and demonstrations.

55. Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Description: The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) is a union of Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla tribes. CTUIR is governed by a Constitution and by-laws adopted in 1949. Tribal members exercise and protect their rights by continuing to practice their traditional tribal religion - Washat - and speak their native languages. The Tamástslikt Cultural Institute (Tuh-must-slickt meaning “interpreting our own story”) is a museum and research institute located on the Umatilla Indian Reservation. Tamástslikt tells the story of the Oregon Trail from the perspective of the tribal community. The permanent exhibition in the museum provides a history of the cultures of the three tribes and of the reservation itself. There is also a second hall for temporary exhibitions of Native American art, craftwork, history, and folklore related to the tribes. The CTUIR secured funding from the federal government, community supporters, and lottery and casino funds, to complete the center. The Tamástslikt opening included a multi-generational procession culminating in speeches and demonstrations.

56. Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Description: The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) is a union of Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla tribes. CTUIR is governed by a Constitution and by-laws adopted in 1949. Tribal members exercise and protect their rights by continuing to practice their traditional tribal religion - Washat - and speak their native languages. The Tamástslikt Cultural Institute (Tuh-must-slickt meaning “interpreting our own story”) is a museum and research institute located on the Umatilla Indian Reservation. Tamástslikt tells the story of the Oregon Trail from the perspective of the tribal community. The permanent exhibition in the museum provides a history of the cultures of the three tribes and of the reservation itself. There is also a second hall for temporary exhibitions of Native American art, craftwork, history, and folklore related to the tribes. The CTUIR secured funding from the federal government, community supporters, and lottery and casino funds, to complete the center. The Tamástslikt opening included a multi-generational procession culminating in speeches and demonstrations.

57. Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Description: The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) is a union of Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla tribes. CTUIR is governed by a Constitution and by-laws adopted in 1949. Tribal members exercise and protect their rights by continuing to practice their traditional tribal religion - Washat - and speak their native languages. The Tamástslikt Cultural Institute (Tuh-must-slickt meaning “interpreting our own story”) is a museum and research institute located on the Umatilla Indian Reservation. Tamástslikt tells the story of the Oregon Trail from the perspective of the tribal community. The permanent exhibition in the museum provides a history of the cultures of the three tribes and of the reservation itself. There is also a second hall for temporary exhibitions of Native American art, craftwork, history, and folklore related to the tribes. The CTUIR secured funding from the federal government, community supporters, and lottery and casino funds, to complete the center. The Tamástslikt opening included a multi-generational procession culminating in speeches and demonstrations.

58. Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Description: The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) is a union of Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla tribes. CTUIR is governed by a Constitution and by-laws adopted in 1949. Tribal members exercise and protect their rights by continuing to practice their traditional tribal religion - Washat - and speak their native languages. The Tamástslikt Cultural Institute (Tuh-must-slickt meaning “interpreting our own story”) is a museum and research institute located on the Umatilla Indian Reservation. Tamástslikt tells the story of the Oregon Trail from the perspective of the tribal community. The permanent exhibition in the museum provides a history of the cultures of the three tribes and of the reservation itself. There is also a second hall for temporary exhibitions of Native American art, craftwork, history, and folklore related to the tribes. The CTUIR secured funding from the federal government, community supporters, and lottery and casino funds, to complete the center. The Tamástslikt opening included a multi-generational procession culminating in speeches and demonstrations.

59. Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participants, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Description: The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) is a union of Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla tribes. CTUIR is governed by a Constitution and by-laws adopted in 1949. Tribal members exercise and protect their rights by continuing to practice their traditional tribal religion - Washat - and speak their native languages. The Tamástslikt Cultural Institute (Tuh-must-slickt meaning “interpreting our own story”) is a museum and research institute located on the Umatilla Indian Reservation. Tamástslikt tells the story of the Oregon Trail from the perspective of the tribal community. The permanent exhibition in the museum provides a history of the cultures of the three tribes and of the reservation itself. There is also a second hall for temporary exhibitions of Native American art, craftwork, history, and folklore related to the tribes. The CTUIR secured funding from the federal government, community supporters, and lottery and casino funds, to complete the center. The Tamástslikt opening included a multi-generational procession culminating in speeches and demonstrations.

60. Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participant, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Tamástslikt Cultural Institute opening participant, Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon, 1998

Description: The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) is a union of Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla tribes. CTUIR is governed by a Constitution and by-laws adopted in 1949. Tribal members exercise and protect their rights by continuing to practice their traditional tribal religion - Washat - and speak their native languages. The Tamástslikt Cultural Institute (Tuh-must-slickt meaning “interpreting our own story”) is a museum and research institute located on the Umatilla Indian Reservation. Tamástslikt tells the story of the Oregon Trail from the perspective of the tribal community. The permanent exhibition in the museum provides a history of the cultures of the three tribes and of the reservation itself. There is also a second hall for temporary exhibitions of Native American art, craftwork, history, and folklore related to the tribes. The CTUIR secured funding from the federal government, community supporters, and lottery and casino funds, to complete the center. The Tamástslikt opening included a multi-generational procession culminating in speeches and demonstrations.

61. Taco Bell boycott button

Taco Bell boycott button

Description: National MEChA conference participant with "Boycott Taco Bell" button. MEChA is Movimiento Estudiantil Chicano de Aztlan.

62. Students from Chiloquin visiting campus as part of the SMILE program

Students from Chiloquin visiting campus as part of the SMILE program

Description: The SMILE program (Science and Math Investigative Learning Experiences) was created at OSU in 1988. SMILE seeks to promote interest in the STEM fields among Oregon's minority and under-served youth, and to encourage these students to attend college, by involving them in science- and math-based extracurricular activities.

63. Speaker at Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow, Warm Springs, Oregon 1992

Speaker at Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow, Warm Springs, Oregon 1992

Description: The Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs (CTWS) began as three separate tribes (the Wasco, Warm Springs, and Paiute) that lived along the Columbia River and Cascade Mountain Range. Each had their own unique customs and languages. In 1855, the Wasco and Warm Springs tribes signed a treaty ceding 10 million acres to the United States in exchange for the 640,000 acres that now make up the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. The Paiutes later traveled from their original reservation and joined the Wasco and Warm Springs tribes. Since its establishment during the late 1930s, the tribal government has advocated for and ensured the continuing well-being of the tribal community by preserving the tribes’ sovereignty, protecting treaty and legal rights, and creating a strong community and economic environment. Every year, the CTWS commemorates the signing of the treaty with a Powwow that displays their resilient cultural heritage. The Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow includes traditional dancing contests, pageants, games, rodeos, parades and foods.

64. Softball at Urban League picnic

Softball at Urban League picnic

65. Ski Trip

Description: Students taking a break from skiiing to eat lunch.

66. Ski Trip

Description: Group of students participating in a ski trip.

67. Ski Trip

Description: Group of students inside of Otto's Cross Country Ski Rental.

68. Ski Trip

Description: Students sledding down a hill.

69. Ski Trip

Description: Students sledding down a hill.

70. Ski Trip

Description: Students skiing.

71. Ski Trip

Description: Group of students outside of Otto's Cross Country Ski Rental.

72. Seven men (including Dr. Walter Reynolds, Phil Reynolds, Ulysses Plummer and Shelly Hill)

Seven men (including Dr. Walter Reynolds, Phil Reynolds, Ulysses Plummer and Shelly Hill)

73. Rugby Team

Description: Two men standing in front of the Urban League of Portland Office.

74. Rugby Team

Description: Group photo of the rugby team.

75. Rugby Team

Description: Playing rugby

76. Rugby Team

Description: Group Photo of a rugby team along with the teens and pre-teens invitied to play with them.

77. Rose Esperanza on a Spanish language cooking show

Rose Esperanza on a Spanish language cooking show

Description: OSU Spanish instructor Rose Esperanza on a Spanish language television cooking show in Salem, Oregon.

78. Ron Wyden Visits SEA basketball program

Ron Wyden Visits SEA basketball program

Description: Congressman Ron Wyden with children at the SEA basketball program.

79. Ron Wyden Visits SEA basketball program

Ron Wyden Visits SEA basketball program

Description: Congressman Ron Wyden with two participants and a leader of the SEA basketball program.

80. Ron Wyden Visits SEA basketball program

Ron Wyden Visits SEA basketball program

Description: Congressman Ron Wyden listens to a man the SEA basketball program.

81. Ray Leary, Urban League of Portland interium director in 1987-1988

Ray Leary, Urban League of Portland interium director in 1987-1988

82. Ramon Ramirez

Description: Ramon Ramirez of PCUN addressing marchers.

83. Race Relations Event with MHRC

Race Relations Event with MHRC

84. Race Relations Event with MHRC

Race Relations Event with MHRC

Description: Lawrence Dark (head seat at table)

85. Race Relations Event with MHRC

Race Relations Event with MHRC

86. Prize winners at Mad Hatters Ball

Prize winners at Mad Hatters Ball

Description: Ida McLendon is the 2nd woman from the left with Martha Jordan to the left of her.

87. Portrait of Chuck Williams holding his book Bridge of the Gods, Mountains of Fire: A Return to the Columbia Gorge

Portrait of Chuck Williams holding his book Bridge of the Gods, Mountains of Fire: A Return to the Columbia Gorge

Description: Charles Otis “Chuck” Williams II (1943-2016) was an Oregon-based professional photographer and environmental activist. Williams was a direct descendant of Chief Tumulth of the Cascades Tribe, who signed the (ratified) 1855 Treaty of the Willamette Valley, and for many years was a member of the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde. In addition to his work as a photographer, Williams worked as publications editor and public-information manager for the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission in Portland, co-founded and managed Salmon Corps, and was the former national parks expert for Friends of the Earth. He also started the campaign for a Columbia Gorge National Scenic Area, and his land donation is now the Franz Lake National Wildlife Refuge. For much of his life Williams was based in The Dalles area, and by virtue of his work as a professional photographer, he attended events, festivals, and celebrations predominantly in Oregon and Washington. He sought out opportunities to document these events and his career flourished; in time, several organizations invited him to be one of their official photographers. Williams published the book Bridge of the Gods, Mountains of Fire: A Return to the Columbia Gorge in 1980, and In 1994, Williams opened his gallery, The Columbia Gorge Gallery, which was located downtown in The Dalles, Oregon.

88. Portland Trail Blazers players and staff visit the Senior Center

Portland Trail Blazers players and staff visit the Senior Center

89. Portland Trail Blazers players and staff visit the Senior Center

Portland Trail Blazers players and staff visit the Senior Center

90. Portland Trail Blazers players and staff visit the Senior Center

Portland Trail Blazers players and staff visit the Senior Center

91. Portland Street Academy Graduation

Portland Street Academy Graduation

92. Portland Street Academy Graduation

Portland Street Academy Graduation

Description: Audience watching PSA graduation ceremony.

93. Portland Street Academy Graduation

Portland Street Academy Graduation

Description: Student showing certificate at PSA graduation ceremony.

94. Portland Street Academy Graduation

Portland Street Academy Graduation

Description: Man handing female student certificate at the PSA graduation ceremony.

95. Portland Street Academy Graduation

Portland Street Academy Graduation

96. Playing bingo at the senior center

Playing bingo at the senior center

Description: Seniors gather at the Senior Center for bingo

97. Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow participants, Warm Springs, Oregon, 1992

Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow participants, Warm Springs, Oregon, 1992

Description: The Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs (CTWS) began as three separate tribes (the Wasco, Warm Springs, and Paiute) that lived along the Columbia River and Cascade Mountain Range. Each had their own unique customs and languages. In 1855, the Wasco and Warm Springs tribes signed a treaty ceding 10 million acres to the United States in exchange for the 640,000 acres that now make up the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. The Paiutes later traveled from their original reservation and joined the Wasco and Warm Springs tribes. Since its establishment during the late 1930s, the tribal government has advocated for and ensured the continuing well-being of the tribal community by preserving the tribes’ sovereignty, protecting treaty and legal rights, and creating a strong community and economic environment. Every year, the CTWS commemorates the signing of the treaty with a Powwow that displays their resilient cultural heritage. The Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow includes traditional dancing contests, pageants, games, rodeos, parades and foods.

98. Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow participant, Warm Springs, Oregon, 1992

Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow participant, Warm Springs, Oregon, 1992

Description: The Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs (CTWS) began as three separate tribes (the Wasco, Warm Springs, and Paiute) that lived along the Columbia River and Cascade Mountain Range. Each had their own unique customs and languages. In 1855, the Wasco and Warm Springs tribes signed a treaty ceding 10 million acres to the United States in exchange for the 640,000 acres that now make up the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. The Paiutes later traveled from their original reservation and joined the Wasco and Warm Springs tribes. Since its establishment during the late 1930s, the tribal government has advocated for and ensured the continuing well-being of the tribal community by preserving the tribes’ sovereignty, protecting treaty and legal rights, and creating a strong community and economic environment. Every year, the CTWS commemorates the signing of the treaty with a Powwow that displays their resilient cultural heritage. The Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow includes traditional dancing contests, pageants, games, rodeos, parades and foods.

99. Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow attendees, Warm Springs, Oregon, 1992

Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow attendees, Warm Springs, Oregon, 1992

Description: The Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs (CTWS) began as three separate tribes (the Wasco, Warm Springs, and Paiute) that lived along the Columbia River and Cascade Mountain Range. Each had their own unique customs and languages. In 1855, the Wasco and Warm Springs tribes signed a treaty ceding 10 million acres to the United States in exchange for the 640,000 acres that now make up the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. The Paiutes later traveled from their original reservation and joined the Wasco and Warm Springs tribes. Since its establishment during the late 1930s, the tribal government has advocated for and ensured the continuing well-being of the tribal community by preserving the tribes’ sovereignty, protecting treaty and legal rights, and creating a strong community and economic environment. Every year, the CTWS commemorates the signing of the treaty with a Powwow that displays their resilient cultural heritage. The Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow includes traditional dancing contests, pageants, games, rodeos, parades and foods.

100. Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow attendees, Warm Springs, Oregon, 1992

Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow attendees, Warm Springs, Oregon, 1992

Description: The Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs (CTWS) began as three separate tribes (the Wasco, Warm Springs, and Paiute) that lived along the Columbia River and Cascade Mountain Range. Each had their own unique customs and languages. In 1855, the Wasco and Warm Springs tribes signed a treaty ceding 10 million acres to the United States in exchange for the 640,000 acres that now make up the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. The Paiutes later traveled from their original reservation and joined the Wasco and Warm Springs tribes. Since its establishment during the late 1930s, the tribal government has advocated for and ensured the continuing well-being of the tribal community by preserving the tribes’ sovereignty, protecting treaty and legal rights, and creating a strong community and economic environment. Every year, the CTWS commemorates the signing of the treaty with a Powwow that displays their resilient cultural heritage. The Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow includes traditional dancing contests, pageants, games, rodeos, parades and foods.