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141. Dionysus and satyrs
- Description
- Pottery: black-figured psykter (wine-cooler) with double walls. Designs black on red panels, with palmette and lotus borders along the top; purple and white accessories, much faded. (a) Dionysiac group: On left a Maenad standing to right between two Satyrs, with long hair tied in a club, and long bordered chiton, over which is a nebris (fawn’s skin). Under the spout of the vase is a Satyr to left, on a smaller scale, stooping forward to caress a hare on the ground. Next to right is Dionysos, bearded, with long hair, ivy-wreath, long embroidered chiton and himation, keras (drinking horn) in left hand. In front of him is a Satyr advancing to right, in a dancing attitude, with left hand held above his head. All the Satyrs except the smaller one, the body of the hare, and the Maenad's nebris, are stippled all over, to indicate hair. (b) Theseus slaying the Minotaur: In the centre, Theseus to right (long hair, fillet, cuirass and short chiton, on which is a large rosette on his hip), holding the Minotaur's left arm with left hand, and plunging sword into his neck; blood falls from the wound. Beneath his legs is a conical stone (cf. Wien. Vorlegebl. 1889, pl. v., I b), on which he has laid his embroidered chlamys. The Minotaur has a bull's head with mane, and his body is stippled with hair; he has fallen on left knee, and his right arm grasps that of Theseus from behind, while in left he holds a stone. On each side of the centre group are two beardless male figures, representing Athenian victims; the one on the right and the one behind Theseus wear striped embroidered himatia; the one on the left is nude, the one behind the Minotaur has an embroidered chlamys over his shoulders, and hair tied in a club. All the figures have a lock of hair in front twisted over a fillet. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Walters, H B, Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain 4, British Museum 3, London, BMP, 1927
- Description
- Pottery: black-figured kylix ('Siana' shape). Designs black on red ground; purple and white accessories. Underneath the foot, at the point of insertion of the stem, is a spike, an imitation of metal-work. Interior, in a medallion with borders of dots and tongue-pattern: Ajax seizing Cassandra at the Palladion: Ajax to right, bearded, with high-crested helmet, white cuirass with incised lines, short purple chiton with chevron border, purple greaves, sword-belt and sheath, drawn sword in right hand, is about to slay Cassandra, whom he has seized with left hand. She crouches to left at the feet of the Palladion, her head being hidden behind it; she is nude, with left hand extended in supplication to Ajax. The goddess is represented standing to left, with long tresses, high-crested helmet, long diapered chiton with chevron border, spear brandished in right hand, shield painted purple with Gorgoneion in white, the features incised, eyes and tongue purple. Behind is a Siren to right looking back, with wings outspread, long hair and fillet. In the field are two lotus-buds. In the exergue, a row of lotus-buds. Exterior: Two friezes with ivy-wreath above, and borders of tongue-pattern and dots below: (a) Apotheosis of Heracles: On the left is Zeus seated on a throne to right, bearded, with long tresses, fillet, long white chiton with incised lines forming a lozenge-pattern and border of the same, richly diapered himation with maeander border, in left hand thunderbolt, sandals on feet, which rest on a footstool. The throne is richly inlaid, with two horizontal rails each side, between which are volutes, the back ending in a snake with head turned back; at the end of the upper rail on the right side is a large lotus-bud. Behind Zeus is Hera similarly seated, with earrings, necklace, long purple chiton, with borders of wavy and chevron patterns, the middle part diapered, and purple himation, drawn over her head, which she raises with left hand, sandals on her feet, which rest on a footstool. Her throne is similar to that of Zeus; at the back is a spiral instead of the snake. Before her on a footstool stands Hebe to left, with long hair tied in a club, fillet, long diapered chiton tied at the waist, with lozenge border and purple diploidion, right hand extended as if supplicating Hera. Before Zeus advance Hermes and Athene leading up Heracles; Hermes is bearded, with long tresses, short white chiton with lozenge border, richly embroidered, purple chlamys with wavy border, petasos, endromides with the usual tags behind as well as before, caduceus in left hand, right extended. Athena has long hair, high-crested helmet, long diapered chiton with chevron border, aegis with snakes projecting on both sides, shield painted purple with Gorgoneion in white, as in the inside design. Heracles has a chiton as Hermes, over which is the lion's skin drawn over his head and tied on his breast, right hand extended; he is followed by Artemis, with long hair tied back, curls in front, fillet with zigzags, long diapered chiton with lozenge border, tied at the waist, and purple diploidion, in right hand two arrows, in left her bow; and Ares, with high-crested helmet, short purple chiton with lozenge border, over which is a skin, sword-belt and kibisis (sack) slung round shoulder, and endromides, right hand extended. (b) Combat of two warriors (perhaps Achilles and Memnon) thrusting with spears: The one on the left has a high-crested helmet, chiton and skin as Ares in (a), sword at side, purple greaves, and shield painted purple inside; the other has a high-crested helmet, richly diapered chiton, sheath at side with lozenge-pattern incised, white greaves, and shield with device of an eagle flying to left. Behind each is a female figure looking on, with long hair, fillet, and long purple chiton with diploidion; the one on the left has spear in left hand, the chiton of the other is richly diapered. Behind each is a youthful warrior on horseback; the one on the left has helmet, short purple chiton, white greaves, spear, and shield painted purple inside; his horse has white mane and tail, and he is leading a second horse, which is white. The other has a high-crested helmet, spear, and white shield with device of a six-leaved flower in purple; he also leads a second horse. The tails of the horses appear to be plaited. Behind each warrior is a lotus-bud; on the right, under the handle, is a warrior, as the last one, crouching on one knee to left, with white greaves, shield painted purple with device as last, in white. Under the other handle is a Sphinx seated to right looking back, with long hair, fillet, and wings outspread. --The British Museum, Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Smith, A H; Pryce, F N, Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain 2, British Museum 2, London, BMP, 1926
- Description
- Pottery: black-figured neck-amphora. (a) Hermes leading goddesses to Paris: Hermes advances to right, bearded, with long hair, himation with purple spots, petasos, endromides, and caduceus, by his side a goat to right, followed by the three goddesses, Aphrodite, Athene, and Hera. They have long hair, with fillets, long chitons and himatia, both embroidered, and left hands extended. Aphrodite holds branches of an apple-tree with fruit in right hand, Athene has a high-crested helmet and spear in right hand, and looks back at Hera, who has a sceptre in right hand, ending in a pomegranate. By Athene's side is a hind walking to right. (b) On the left Apollo Citharoedos to right, beardless, with long hair, fillet, long chiton and himation, both embroidered, playing with a plectrum on the chelys, from which hangs drapery. Before him, looking back at him, is Athene, with long hair, fillet, high-crested helmet, aegis, long chiton and himation, both embroidered, in left hand a spear; by her side a bull walks to right. In advance of her is Hermes moving to right and looking back, bearded, with hair looped up, short chiton and chlamys, both embroidered, petasos, endromides, and caduceus, left hand extended. In the field, branches of an apple tree with fruit. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Walters, H B, Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain 5, British Museum 4, London, BMP, 1929
144. Death of Troilos
- Description
- Pottery: black-figured hydria. Designs in black on red panels, with borders of ivy down the sides and palmettes along the bottom; accessories of white and purple. 1. On the shoulder: Pentathlon: On the left a pair of wrestlers with arms raised, about to engage; next, an akontistes to left with two spears in right hand and one in left, and a diskobolos to right, the diskos raised in both hands; in advance of him and looking back, an athlete with two leaping-poles in right hand. Next is a paidotribes (trainer) to right, with fillet, long chiton, and himation, in left hand a wand; on the right two runners to right. All the athletes are nude and beardless and wear fillets. 2. On the body: Achilles slaying Troilos: On the left is the quadriga of Achilles, only the horses' heads and forelegs being visible; Achilles, bearded, with long tresses, fully armed, with a sword, and two spears in left hand, mounts the steps of the altar of Apollo, holding aloft in right hand the severed head of Troilos, which has long hair. On the altar lies the nude body, which two fully-armed warriors (probably Aeneas and Hector) are defending with their spears; one has the forepart of a lion to left as device on his shield, the other an ivy-wreath. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Walters, H B, Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain 8, British Museum 6, London, BMP, 1931
145. Death of Priam
- Description
- Pottery: black-figured neck-amphora. (a) Death of Priam at the altar of Zeus Herkeios: In the centre is Neoptolemos to right, in tall visored helmet, embroidered chlamys, and greaves, stabbing Priam with spear. Priam has fallen across the altar and looks back beseechingly; he is partly bald, with white beard and long tresses, and long embroidered chiton; he raises right hand above head. On his body and the altar are purple streaks of blood. With left hand Neoptolemos thrusts back Hecuba, who is standing to left, with right hand placed on his helmet, and left raised to head; she has long hair, fillet, long chiton and himation, both embroidered. Behind Neoptolemos is a similar female figure (perhaps Andromache), with hands extended; behind the altar is a tree. (b) In the centre, Dionysos to right, bearded, with ivy-wreath, long chiton and himation, both embroidered, in right hand a vine-branch, in left a keras. At his further side a goat walks to right. On either side of him is a Maenad advancing to right, with long hair, fillet, and long embroidered chiton; the first one has a pardalis (leopard skin) tied round her neck, and right hand extended; she looks back at Dionysos; the second also wears a himation, and holds crotala (castanets) in left hand. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Walters, H B, Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain 8, British Museum 6, London, BMP, 1931
146. Death of Priam
- Description
- Pottery: black-figured neck-amphora. (a) Death of Priam at the altar of Zeus Herkeios: In the centre is Neoptolemos to right, in tall visored helmet, embroidered chlamys, and greaves, stabbing Priam with spear. Priam has fallen across the altar and looks back beseechingly; he is partly bald, with white beard and long tresses, and long embroidered chiton; he raises right hand above head. On his body and the altar are purple streaks of blood. With left hand Neoptolemos thrusts back Hecuba, who is standing to left, with right hand placed on his helmet, and left raised to head; she has long hair, fillet, long chiton and himation, both embroidered. Behind Neoptolemos is a similar female figure (perhaps Andromache), with hands extended; behind the altar is a tree. (b) In the centre, Dionysos to right, bearded, with ivy-wreath, long chiton and himation, both embroidered, in right hand a vine-branch, in left a keras. At his further side a goat walks to right. On either side of him is a Maenad advancing to right, with long hair, fillet, and long embroidered chiton; the first one has a pardalis (leopard skin) tied round her neck, and right hand extended; she looks back at Dionysos; the second also wears a himation, and holds crotala (castanets) in left hand. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Walters, H B, Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain 8, British Museum 6, London, BMP, 1931
- Description
- Pottery: black-figured neck-amphora . (a) Return of Persephone from Hades: On the left is Pluto seated to right, partly bald, with white beard and long tresses, fillet, long embroidered chiton and himation, sceptre in left hand. Before him is Hermes (as Psychagogos) to left, looking back at him; he is bearded, with hair looped up under a fillet, short chiton and chlamys, both embroidered, petasos and endromides, right hand pointing upwards. In advance of him is Persephone to right, looking back, with long tresses, fillet, long chiton and himation, both embroidered, in left hand three ears of corn. The locality is indicated by Sisyphos who is bearded, with petasos and chlamys over left shoulder; he rolls the stone to right up a steep incline, holding it with both hands, and raising left knee to assist its progress. (b) Apollo Citharoedos to right, beardless, with long tresses, fillet, long chiton and himation, both embroidered, playing with a plectrum on the chelys, from which hangs drapery; by his side is a hind to right. Facing him are two female figures (Nymphs ?), with long hair, fillets, long chitons and himatia, both embroidered, and right hands extended. Behind him are two similar figures to right, with left hands raised. In the field, branches. The greater part of the design is restored. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Walters, H B, Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain 8, British Museum 6, London, BMP, 1931
- Description
- Pottery: black-figured hydria. Rather coarse style. Designs in black on red panels, with borders of ivy down the sides and lotus-buds along the bottom; accessories of white and purple. 1. On the shoulder: In the centre a bearded figure to right with embroidered chlamys over left shoulder, seizing with both hands a goat to right, which looks back at him. On either side is a seated female figure looking on, with long hair, fillet, long chiton and himation, both embroidered, and hands extended. On the left is a nude bearded figure departing, and looking back. 2. On the body: Medea boiling the ram: In the centre is a large lebes placed on a tripod over a fire, out of which the forepart of a ram appears to right. On the right is Medea to right looking to left, waving her arms over the lebes; by her side is Jason kneeling to left, nude and bearded, placing a log on the fire. On the other side of the lebes is one of Pelias' daughters to right, looking back at him with left hand extended; she and Medea both have long hair, fillets, and long chitons and himatia, both embroidered. On the left is Pelias seated to right, with white beard and long tresses with fillet, wrapped in an embroidered himation, sceptre in left hand. In the field, branches. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Walters, H B, Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain 8, British Museum 6, London, BMP, 1931
- Description
- Pottery: black-figured hydria. Designs in black on red panels with borders of ivy down the sides, and palmettes along the bottom; accessories of purple and white. 1. On the shoulder: Combat of Heracles and Antaios: In the centre Heracles stooping to right, endeavours to raise Antaios from the earth; both are nude and wear fillets, Antaios alone is bearded; Heracles grasps Antaios by the right arm, and the other holds him by the left foot. Behind Heracles is Athene to right, with high-crested helmet, long chiton, and himation, in right hand a spear, the left raised in encouragement. Behind her is Hermes seated to right, bearded, with hair looped up behind, petasos, short chiton, and chlamys, sword at left side and caduceus in right hand. He is looking back at Iolaos, who stands looking on, fully armed, with spear in right hand, and shield with device of two pellets. On the right is a female figure moving away to right, looking back, with long hair, fillet, long embroidered chiton and himation, left hand raised; facing her is a bearded male figure in embroidered himation, with spear. Above are hung Heracles' quiver and embroidered chlamys. In the field, branches. 2. On the body: Amazonomachia (Amazonomachy): A quadriga driven to right by an Amazon in a high-crested helmet, with long hair, fillet, short embroidered chiton and cuirass. By the further side of the quadriga is Achilles to right, fully armed, with short embroidered chiton and shield with ivy wreath as device, attacking Penthesilea with a spear. She is vainly defending herself with her spear, and moves away to right, looking back at him; she has long hair with fillet, a high-crested helmet, and shield with two pellets as device. Beneath the horses is a fallen Amazon lying on her back to right with legs drawn up; she has long hair, fillet, short embroidered chiton, greaves, spear, and shield with device of a tripod. In front of the horses is another Amazon to left, armed like the last, except that she has no shield, hurling spear; all four Amazons wear necklaces. Underneath the foot, incised characters. --The British Museum, A Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum, London, William Nicol, 1851; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Walters, H B, Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain 8, British Museum 6, London, BMP, 1931
- Description
- In top-left is a Red-figure Plate, Vase E135 by Epiktetos, created ca. 520-510 BCE and measuring 19.5 cm in diameter and 1.905 cm in height. Vase is listed under Repository ID: 1837,0609.59. Athenian red-figured plate: a single figure in oriental costume - trousers ('anaxyrides'), tight-fitting sleeved coat ('kandys') and soft skin hat ('kidaris') with long ear-flaps hanging down - fills the circular field of this plate. This outfit, which resembles the Median costume, was most commonly used in Athenian art for Scythians, but since the figure is not bearded, it is most likely in this case to be intended to depict an Amazon archer. Later representations of Persians, Scythians and Amazons lose much of their individual identity. She draws an arrow from her quiver (here a 'gorytos') as she turns back to shoot at the enemy, her composite bow at the ready in her left hand. Signed by Epiktetos as painter.--The British Museum; In top-right is a Black-figure Pinax, Vase B591 attributed to Psiax, created ca. 520-500 BCE, and measuring 19.05 cm in diameter. Vase is listed under Repository ID: 1867,0508.941. Pottery: black-figured pinax (plate). Late style; occasional accessories of white and purple. An archer to left, beardless, with hair curly in front, earrings, high peaked cap, and jerkin and anaxyrides in one piece, stippled all over, with a guilloche pattern down the legs; at his side, his bow and quiver, the latter ornamented with guilloche pattern, with open lid in the form of a wing; he is blowing a trumpet (salpinx) with a phorbeia (chinstrap).--The British Museum (top right); In bottom right is a Black-figure Pinax, Old Catalogue 698, Vase B589 attributed to Psiax, created ca. 520-500 BCE, and measuring 21.59 cm in diameter. Vase is listed under Repository ID: 1837,0609.31., Beazley, J D, Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1963; Curtis, J E; Tallis, N, Forgotten Empire: The world of Ancient Persia, London, BMP, 2005; Walters, H B; Forsdyke, E J; Smith, C H, Catalogue of Vases in the British Museum, I-IV, London, BMP, 1893; Allen, Lindsay, The Persian Empire: A History, London, BMP, 2005