A Native American woman, identified as Lou French of the Walla Walla trive, stands to the left of a tipi, with her left side towards the photographer. Her arms are at her side, her head turned up and to the left, her mouth seems to be open. She wears a hat shaped like a truncated cone, and her hair is in braids. She seems to be wearing a fringed leather dress with geometric beading on the top half, and moccasins with floral beading at the ankles. A metal bangle bracelet is visible at her wrist. Over her shoulders runs a striped band which is attached to the cradleboard she wears on her back. The cradleboard has a bold floral design, and a dark piece of cloth or blanket attached which acts as a hood for the baby. Only the baby's head is visible since the rest is engulfed in the bag of the cradleboard. The tipi a few yeards behind the woman seems to be covered with woven mats, and has several long poles on the outside as well as the inside framework. Leaning upright against it are several boards and branches. Close behind is a line of low trees or high bushes.
Three Native American men, identified as Young Chief, Whirlwind, and Chief No-shirt, are mounted on dark-colored horses on a plain in front of four tipis. Each man carries a staff with ermine, eagle feathers, or other decoration, and Young Chief holds a second, shorter staff with long fringe. All wear headdresses with ermine hanging down, and eagle feather trails, and two have horned headdresses. The men wear beaded moccasins and beaded pants. One wears a cloth vest, one a cloth shirt, and one a buckskin shirt. The pants of two men are visible and seem to be cloth with strips of geometric beading. The horses have beaded bridles, martingales, masks, and reins, and Young Chief's horse shook its head as the photo was taken. Chief No-shirt's horse has a striped saddle blanket; the saddle has a long strip of fur hanging down from the saddle horn, nearly to the ground. All men wear jewelry. In the background at the right of the picture, the four tipis are lined up. In the background at the left, other people and part of a horse can be seen, and at the very left it looks as though someone were holding a flag.
A Native American man identified as Yellow Wolf is seated on a white horse, holding a long feathered lance on his left. He is holding a feathered artifact in his right hand. He is wearing a decorated cape over his shoulders. He has on moccasins decorated with a floral design. He is wearing trousers or chaps with wide striped legs. His horse is wearing an appliqued breastplate decorated with stars, flowers and leaves. On Yellow Wolf's right, a man is riding away with his back to the camera. He is riding a spotted horse. He is wearing a buckskin coat, a broad-brimmed hat and a bandanna around his neck. The man's jacket is fringed and decorated with beadwork across the shoulders. The cuff and collar of his coat are in a darker material. The man's trousers are also fringed. He is wearing beaded moccasins. In the background between Yellow Wolf and the man in the buckskin coat there are three women with their backs to the camera. They are wrapped in long blankets. One woman has a light colored fringed shawl over her blanket. Another woman has a blanket with hanging decorations. The third woman has a dotted shawl pulled over her head. Also in the background there two men wearing feathered headdresses and several horses.
A Native American man identified as Yellow Hawk sits on a white horse in a muddy field. He is holding a long feathered lance in his left hand and the horse's reins in his right hand. He is wearing a feathered headdress and he is wrapped in a long buffalo robe. Underneath the buffalo robe is a blanket with a geometric design. Yellow Hawk is wearing a pair of moccasins. His horse is wearing a breastplate appliqued with a large star and flowers.
An outside photograph of a Native American man identified as Yee-ye. He is standing in front of an unadorned blanket backdrop hanging from a wooden frame. He is wearing moccasins and standing upon a round flat coil mat that is lying on another blanket on the ground. To the left of the man there is a pipe on the blanket. He is wearing a porcupine roach with one eagle feather on his head. His hair is braided, with fur strips braided into or extending the natural length of his braids. He is wearing a neck choker and a multi-layered loop necklace. He is dressed in a buckskin shirt that has a beaded strip down both sides of his shoulders. The ends of his sleeves and shirt are fringed. He is holding an eagle tail fan, wrapped in leather, in his left hand. The eagle feather has long leather strips decorated in beads. He is wearing a woven plaid cloth strip around his waist, which hangs over buckskin leggings., Yee-ye [Umatilla Indian, with various regalias and implements, and pipe. In Moorhouse yard.]
A Native American woman, identified as Wo-Ho-Pum, is standing and facing the side of a cloth tipi. A Pendleton blanket is attached to the tipi and hangs down to the ground. There are several bags displayed on the blanket, woven and beaded. Some of the woven ones have geometic patterns; one beaded one has a woman and girl design. The woman is wearing a full-length beaded and fringed buckskin dress and a woven hat. A baby in a cradleboard is strapped to her back. The child's head is hooded and the face only visible from the side. Most of the cradleboard is wrapped in a cotton cloth, with some beads or looped necklaces across the front of the child. The woman is holding another woven bag in her hand. The background beyond the tent is a stand of shrubby, deciduous trees and open sky.
A Native American woman, identified as Wo-Ho-Pum of the Walla Walla tribe, is sitting cross-legged, next to a child in a cradleboard, in front of a cloth tipi. The woman appears to be sitting on a blanket or bedding on the bare ground. The woman is wearing a buckskin dress with beadwork and fringe, a woven hat, plain moccasins, and has a woven bag draped over her knee. Her hair is in two long braids. Her jewelry includes shell earrings, beaded necklaces and choker, and beaded and copper bracelets. She is holding the cradleboard upright. Only the child's hooded face and the top of the wooden back support of the cradleboard are visible. The rest of the child and cradleboard are covered with a fringed scarf or shawl, with some beads or looped necklaces across the front. The entire background of the image is the solid white cloth of the tipi. A blanket is pinned to the side of the tipi, and hangs down to the ground, draping over an unseen object. Several bags are displayed on the blanket, four woven ones with geomeric patterns, and one beaded one with an image of a woman and young girl.
An image of a tipi in winter (there is snow on the ground) in a place identified as Thorn Hollow on the Umatilla Indian Reservation. In addition to the tipi, the camp includes a wooden structure.
A Native American man, identified as Isadore Whitebull of the Cayuse Tribe. is seated in front of a white backdrop. He is dressed in cloth pants, a cloth shirt buttoned up to the collar, and a wool vest that has a pocket watch chain looped from the pocket to a button hole. He has long hair and is wearing a cowboy hat that is tied under his chin with a ribbon.
An unidentified Native American child and a Native American women, identified as Wenix, the sister of Donald McKay, of the Cayuse tribe, are outside in front of a tipi. The child is seated on two Pendleton blankets atop a horse. Other blankets are draped across the horse. The child is wearing a long-sleeve shirt and a necklace. The child is holding the reins in his or her left hand. The woman is standing to the right of the child on horseback. She is wearing a robe, a necklace, and boots. Her hair is tied into two braids. With both of her hands, she is holding a beaded bag with a geometric design. A grove of trees is in the background., We-nix, Sister Donald McKay [We-nix, Cayuse tribal woman, sister of Donald McKay. Near child on horse in front of tipi. She has cornhusk bag. Child has necklaces and a fur dangling by leg.]
A Native American woman, identified as We-nix of the Cayuse Indians and sister of Donald McKay, stands in front of a canvas tipi. She is wearing a plain cloth dress, plain moccasins, leggings with a floral design, a head scarf, shell earrings, beaded necklace and bracelet, a ring, and has two long braids. She has one Pendleton blanket draped around her and another one on the ground, under her feet. A large pine tree is all that is visible in the background.
A Native American man, identified as Wanico of the Umatilla tribe, is standing outside in front of a cloth backdrop. He is wearing a Euro-American shirt, a wide-brim hat, a vest, a scarf, boots, and woolly chaps. His hair is tied into two braids. He is holding a bow in his left hand and has a knife tucked into the waistband of his chaps. There are garden plants within the man's immediate vicinity. A lattice-work fence is on the left. A house and tree are visible in the background.
A Native American man, identified as Wanico of the Umatilla Tribe, is posed in front of a white canvas backdrop. His hair is long, parted on one side with some pulled back and secured behind his head. He is wearing a buckskin shirt with beadwork on the shoulders that extends down the arms and down both sides of the front, below the shoulders. The shirt has fringe at the hemline around the waist and cuffs, around the seam connecting the sleeves to the shoulders, and on the front, between the beaded areas. He is wearing several beaded loop necklaces, cloth pants, and a cloth shirt under his leather shirt. Only the collar and neck of his shirt and the top of his pants are visible.
A Native American man, identified as Wa-tis-te-me-he of the Cayuse Tribe, is stading in front of a blanket backdrop. He has long grey hair, that hangs down over his shoulders, and is wearing several beaded loop necklaces. He is wearing a suede leather coat that has buttons. The jacket has long fringe around the upper arms and along the back of the sleeves and has short fringe around the collar, the cuffs, the hem, and the placket. Some of the fringe areas have beads. The man is also wearing a cloth shirt and has a blanket wrapped around his waist. The blanket backdrop is set up in front of a lattice fence.
W. S. Bowman's photography studio in Pendleton, Oregon. Two stories, of brick or stone, with a crenellated roofline across the front and wrapping partway around the sides of the roof, it sits on a high foundation near the river. The ramp leading to the entrance has been braced with a stone retaining wall. In the window of the studio are displayed a number of photographs. The deck runs around at least two sides of the building. To the left is a wooden false-fronted building with the painted word "Persian" visible, and beyond that what looks like a large house.
A Native American man, identified as Victor William, sits in front of a plain cloth backdrop. His head is turned to the left. He wears only a blanket over his shoulder and wrapped around his torso. His hair is syled in braids.
Victor William of the Cayuse tribe stands in front of a tipi, gazing slightly down and to his left. He wears a collarless cloth shirt and is wrapped in a geometrically-patterned blanket which hides all but his right shoulder and arm. His left arm pulls the blanket across his body so that it wraps around him thoroughly and no other details of costume or footgear can be seen. His long dark hair is unbound and is parted on the left side and pulled around to hang in front of his right shoulder. To his right stands a child, with bare legs and feet, and hair that is either short or pulled back. The child wears a knee-length dress. The child is holding a length of ribbon, lace, or some other gauzy material which trails on the ground; she smiles as she looks down at it in her hands. In the background of the photo a line of fenceposts behind the tipi leads off to the distance. Farther away across the flat land in the far distance is a line of mountains.
A view of a one-room log cabin identified as the "office of the U.S. Indian Agent Umatilla Agency erected in 1863". The cabin appears to stand on a small rise; deciduous trees are visible off to the left, and grass and low shrubs behind. In the background is a view of a river and distant shore. The cabin is built of rough-hewn logs, slightly notched, with chinking. Some of the chinking between the logs has chipped away in some spots. The roof is constructed of wooden shingles, some of which appear to be peeling or flaking. The cabin looks as though it has been modified from an earlier state: there is a heap of rock at the gable end, in front of an opening now blocked with boards. The roof at that end has a gap left, as though for a chimney; it seems likely the remains of the chimney are the rocks on the ground. The door too may have been modified; in the photo the door jambs are wide boards nailed over logs, rather than fitted in with them. The door now takes up half the long side of the cabin, and is ill-fitting, with two wide doors with hinges that open outward and wide gaps under both doors. Two long poles protrude from under and between the doors. At the right side of the cabin two metal rings have been driven into one of the logs, and a chain hangs from one of them.
Four Native American men and a Native American woman stand in front of three tipis. The people are identified as Dr. Whirlwind, Ta-wa-Toi, Mrs. No-shirt, Chief No-shirt, and Red Elk. The men all wear horned headdresses with ermine hanging from them, and trails of eagle feathers, except for Ta-wa-Toi, who does not seem to have the trail of feathers. The men wear a mix of cloth or buckskin shirts and legwear. Some of the men seem to have blankets wrapped around their legs. All the men wear moccasins and jewelry, including loop necklaces. In their right hands Dr. Whirlwind and Red Elk each hold a staff with eagle feathers attached. Red Elk has a long beaded and furred belt, decorated with medals or buttons, draped over his left arm. Ta-wa-Toi is holding the fur of an animal in front of himself; the pelt includes the fur from the animal's tail, legs, and head. Chief No-shirt seems to be holding up some weaving. Mrs. No-shirt stands next to him. Her dark hair in braids; she is draped in a geometrically-beaded skin and seems to be wearing a fringed buckskin dress and a bracelet. She too wears moccasins. She holds a geometrically-beaded flat bag in front of herself. The caption on the photograph says "Umatilla Reservation July 4, 1903".
Two Native American women standing in a snowy hollow. There are trees and a river in the background. The women have braids and are wearing native dresses, shawls, moccasins, necklaces, rings and earrings.
Two Native American women standing on a manmade wall. There is a wooden plank in front of them. It leads down to an area of plants. The women are wearing dresses made of trade cloth adorned with beaded belts and necklaces. The woman in a plaid dress is holding a beaded bag. Both women have their hair in braids with bead work. Behind them is a tipi and deciduous trees.
A view of a Native American encampment and the surrounding landscape on the Umatilla Indian Reservation on July 4, 1903. The encampment includes many tipis, a few other structures, and some horses.
A Native American man, identified as a member of the Umatilla tribe, sits on a horse in front of a row of tipis and trees. The man wears a hat, leggings, and a shirt. An American flag flies over one of the tipis.
On the Umatilla Indian reservation at Thorn Hollow, three tipis sit in the woods on the banks of a stream. There are some clothes spread on the bushes by one of the tipis. Behind the encampment is a river. On a gravelly bank logs lie on the ground. In the background is a hill with a fallen log.
Railroad tracks run in front of a wooded area identified as being near Cayuse Station, Thorn Hollow. Fences run along the railroad tracks and stop on either side of a railroad crossing. The crossing is left of center and has a white sign beside it. There are three tipis among the trees. On the right side of the photo is a wooden building. In between the right most tipi and the wooden building is a cage raised up off the ground on legs and another undetermined object on the ground. On the right half of the photo between the tipis and the railroad tracks is a cultivated area that could be a garden. Behind the tipis among the trees is a stream or river, and in the background are hills. The trees are both deciduous without leaves and conifers.
Two tipis. One tipi has just the top showing with a shed made of blank boards in front of it. The nearest tipi has an animal pen of some sort with a grass roof and sticks for door and walls. In the far backgound there is a single telephone or telegraph pole.
Railroad tracks lead through a meadow towards a low bluff. In the background are hills and mountains. There are fences on both sides of the tracks. On the left side, behind the fence, several tipis and a shed stand in a meadow dotted with conifers and leafless deciduous trees, and trees can be seen at intervals in the distance. The place is identified as "Near Thorn Hollow, Oregon".
Ten tipis stand in a row with buildings and deciduous trees behind them. In front of the tipis, on the left side of the photo, is a white house with a porch.
Eight Native-American men and women on horses are posing in front of trees and tipis. All but two have some sort of headdress, three men carry feather staffs. All the people have blankets wrapped around them. Each horse is wearing a beaded chest plate.
Three tipis stand in close proximity in an open meadow. Small piles of wood are next to the tipis, and one tipi has a wagon wheel propped up against it. In between the middle and tipi on the far left stand several Native Americans, an adult and two children. The adult is wearing a capote with horizontal stripes. Behind these people is a wagon that looks like a buckboard. Behind and to the left of the buckboard is a horse or a cow. Another person wearing dark clothing is standing by the door of the tipi on the far right.
A group of tipis, identified as being on the Umatilla Reservation, are nestled within a grove of deciduous trees. The photo was taken on a bright, sunny day.
A fresh snowfall. Two tipis stand together at the edge of a field. A barbed-wire fence runs along the right side of the picture, and extends up a hill. Two small structures stand near the tipis, one close on the right, one further away on the left.
A landscape shot, showing a canvas tipi in a clearing in front of a woodsy area (deciduous without leaves and conifers) and a small pond or creek. In the background is a hill or mountain.
A tipi stands in front of a tall deciduous tree. It is among brush and grasses and hills are in the background. In the far right of the photo the edge of another tipi can be seen.
A corral, identified as part of the Umatilla Reservation, contains two horses. A tipi is located to the right of the corral in a wooded area. A body of water is in the foreground.
Two Native American children, both are wearing regalia, both have beaded necklaces. One is wearing a beaded braclet, the other earrings. They are outside and it appears to be autumn with leaves on the ground.
A Native American woman, identified as a member of the Umatilla Tribe, is seated in front of a blanket backdrop. The woman is wearing a beaded buckskin dress with a belt. She has a cloth scarf tied behind her head, and two long braids tied with ribbon. The cloth sleeves of her underdress are visible below the fringe area of the buckskin dress. She is wearing beaded bracelets, necklaces, and a choker and shell earrings. She is holding a beaded bag, that has a deer and two flowers in the design. There is a Pendleton blanket at the base of the backdrop, covering the woman's chair or stool.
Three Native American girls, of the Umatilla Tribe, are standing on top of the gate of a small wooden dam over a river. The young woman on the left has a pendleton blanket wrapped around herself. She is wearing a headdress with feathers and her hair is loosely tucked under the blanket. The young woman in the middle also has a pendleton blanket wrapped around herself. She has two long braids and is carrying a woven bag over one arm. The design on the bag is of a deer and two flowers. The young woman on the right is wearing a buckskin dress with a belt and a woven cornhusk hat. The dress has two tiers of beaded fringe. She has two arm band style bracelets on her wrist and forearm; the one on her forearm is copper. All three girls are wearing beaded moccasins. The dam spans an inlet between the bank and a sandbar. There is a pile of rocks on the sand on both sides of the dam. The background of the image shows more of the river, a wooden dock or platform, and some shrubs and deciduous trees., Umatilla Indian girls 1904 [Three Umatilla girls in regalia, standing by irrigation flume. One wears bear claw circlet, one has cornhusk bag with deer, one wears cornhusk hat and shoulder-beaded dress with dangles.]
An interior photograph of a man, identified as Lee Moorhouse, standing and holding a sheaf of barley that is taller than the man. He is attired in European-American clothing with vest, trousers, and pocket watch chain., Umatilla County barley. [Lee Moorhouse poses holding sheaf of barley. Image signed by Moorhouse but attributed to Wheeler by Grafe.]
Two Native American children, a boy and a girl, sitting outside on a blanket with a backdrop of hung blankets. The boy with a feather in his hair is wearing leggings, a cloth shirt, a necklace, and moccasins. The girl with feathers in her hair is wearing a Wing dress, a necklace, moccasins, and a bracelet.
A view of a Native American camp, identified as belonging to Tom Lu of the Umatilla Tribe. The camp includes tipis and other structures, and a horse. There are trees and hills in th e background.
A Native American girl, identified as Ida Coyote of the Cayuse Tribe, is standing outside on a mat in front a gray backdrop. She is wearing a hat, a necklace, bracelets, a dress, moccasins, and earrings. She is holding a bow with an arrow in her hands.
An outside photograph of what has been identified as the Umatilla Inidan Reservation. A tipi can be seen on the right side of the photograph with a striped cloth or blanket serving as a door. The cloth or blanket is pushed aside, revealing an open entry. A person sits on the ground in front of the tipi's open entry with legs stretched out and a rifle placed across the lap. The person is wearing a hat with a circular brim and what appears to be Euro-American clothing. To the right of the tipi's open entry is dark horse with a white stripe down its face and white trim above its hooves. A person sits on the horse using a saddle with feet in the stirrups and hands holding the reins. The person is wearing what appears to be Euro-American clothing with a long coat and big sleeves and a hat with circular brim. To the left of the tipi sits a person wrapped in a solid-color blanket. To the left of the person stands a white horse without saddle. The foreground of the tipi displays terrain of dirt, leaves, and possible artifacts. A log can be viewed and enters the photograph from the left side. Behind the tipi is a cluster of very tall, leafy trees, medium-sized shrubs, and wild grasses. Traces of sky can be viewed behind the trees., [Tipi of Shev-ships, Umatilla Indian reservation.]
A scene that has been identified as looking east from Thorn Hollow on the Umatilla Indian Reservation. Two tipis stand on a plain scattered with bare shrubs. In the background of the picture is a line of evergreens and bare-branched trees that runs along a stretch of railroad tracks. Telegraph poles are visible along the line of the tracks. Beyond them, smooth treeless hills rise up and are snow-covered in the distance. In the center of the photo, what looks like a meandering seasonal stream feeds into a swamp or pond. The tipis are set away from the pond a few yards. The tipi on the left is smaller and made of canvas; the tipi on the right is made of tule mats. Near the tipi on the right is a stack of firewood and a wagon. A tall bare pole stands some feet to the right of the wagon. The sky is cloudy., Thorn Hollow—Looking East [Thorn Hollow, Umatilla Indian reservation.]
On the Umatilla Indian Reservation at Thorn Hollow, a large long building with a long railroad platform is bordered by railroad tracks. Behind it is a large fenced compound containing two long buildings and a house. A large shed is to the left of the compound. A road bordered with utility poles intersects the railroad tracks. A road sign is visible. The compound is surrounded by trees and there are hills in the background.
A stream, some utility poles, railroad tracks, and fences cross a small valley. The valley has deciduous trees that don't have their leaves and a few conifers. Hills are in the background and the photo seems to be taken from above the valley. In the right foreground of the photo stands a tipi. In the middle to the far left is another tipi. There is a third tipi in the middle of the photo which stands to the right of the other tipi. This one is almost completely obscured by trees. The tipis in the middle of the photo both have a smaller wooden structure next to them. The words "Thorn Hollow" and some other indistinguishable words are written in the bottom left of the photo.
A tipi stands next to a stream bed. On the other side of the stream bed is a fence. Behind the fence is a grassy field with hills in the background. Next to the tipi is a small pile of wood.
A large cairn or rock formation, identified as Witch Head, in Wishram, Washington. One of the more prominent rocks has a flat surface, with a carving of a face.
An outside photograph of two Native American men, one of whom appears to be bare-chested, attired with Pendleton blankets wrapped around their waists, posing on the bank of a river in the wintertime. Both men have their hair in braids with a feather attached. Each man is aiming a bow and arrow at the other. The photographer has identified the man on the left side of the photograph as Tilloquats; he is holding his bow in his left hand and one arrow, fitted into the bow, in his right hand. Hanging off his right arm is a whip. The photographer has identified the other man as Yee-Yee, and he is holding his bow in his left hand--fitting the arrow into his bow with his right. On his back he has a quiver with hawk feathers. Behind the men is the river, running the width of the photograph. In the background lies the rising riverbank, leading to the hillside. There are leafless cottonwood trees on the other side of the river and patches of snow on the ground.
An outside photograph of two Native American men dressed in Pendleton blankets posing on the bank of a river in the wintertime. Both men have their hair in braids, with a single feather attached. Each man is aiming a bow and arrow at the other. The photographer has identified the man on the left side of the photograph as Tilloquats; he is holding his bow in his left hand and one arrow, fitted into the bow, in his right hand. Hanging off his right arm is a whip. He is bare-chested and wears his Pendleton blanket wrapped around his waist. One moccasin can be seen from under his blanket. The photographer has identified the other man as Yee-Yee, and he is holding his bow in his left hand -- fitting the arrow into his bow with his right. He is dressed with a Pendleton blanket over his left shoulder; there are pants or leggings under the blanket. On his back he has a quiver with hawk feathers. In the background lies the river, leading to a rising riverbank. There are leafless cottonwood trees on the other side of the river and patches of snow on the ground. In the far background is a gently rising hillside.
A Native American woman and child, identifed on the photograph as Tema and Walter Peo of the Umatilla Tribe, are standing on a blanket outside in a wooded area. The woman is wearing a headband, a necklace, a blanket draped around her shoulders, a blanket wrapped around her waist, and a belt. Her hair is tied in two braids. The boy is wearing a headband, a necklace, a shirt, and a belt. The boy is holding a pipe in his hands. A bag is lying on the ground on the blanket.
A Native American man, identified as Tots-homa of the Cayuse tribe, is kneeling outside on one knee. He is wearing a single trail bonnet, earrings, a loop necklace, bracelets, and moccasins. He is holding a hatchet-style pipe in his right hand. He is kneeling on a coiled cedar root mat. A Pendleton blanket is underneath the mat. A studio backdrop is behind him.
A Native American man, identified as Su-lump of the Cayuse tribe, is wearing a horned headdress. Two long horns on either side of the headdress and three smaller horns in the middle, facing outwards, are attached to a fur hat. He is wearing a scarf around his neck and a buttoned-up corduroy coat. One side of his hair is braided., Cultus Peter [Portrait of Su-lump, Cayuse man, wearing buffalo horn headdress. Background is masked off.]
A collection of stone artifacts are displayed on shelves. The collection consists of mortars, pestles, anthropomorphic figurines, and zoomorphic figurines. A blanket is hung behind the shelves.
A Native American baby, identified as Spokane Jim's papoose, is in a beaded cradleboard that is positioned upright and leaning against a mat covered by a blanket. Two bags hang from the cradleboard, which has a floral motif. One of the bags also has a floral motif and the other includes an image of a person and a horse.
A Native American man, identified as Sequyene of the Walla Walla tribe, stands next to a horse. The man and horse are seen in profile. The man is wearing a feathered headdress that reaches to the ground and has a horn coming out of the side. He is wearing dark colored robes with a striped wool scarf hanging down the front from the waist. He is holding a staff that is wrapped with cloth or leather and has feathers hanging down its length. A large tassel hangs down to the ground from where the man holds the spear. The horse is wearing a bridle, martingale, and a saddle blanket. The breastplate is decorated with repeating geometric patterns, bells, and fringe at the bottom of the sidepieces. The saddle blanket is made from cloth and an animal skin. The skin's edge is decorated with round metallic looking beads or rivets that may attach it to the cloth.
A Native American man, identified as Sequyena, is standing in a clearing with a horse. He is wearing a horned headdress with eagle feathers. He is also wearing blankets wrapped around his shoulders. He is carrying a staff in his right hand. The horse has a saddle blanket and blanket strips laid atop it.
An outside photograph of the Umatilla River. The river flows in a zig-zag pattern between two embankments and enters the photograph from behind the left embankment. The left embankment appears on the photograph at a high angle and gradually decends into flat terrain that runs into the river. The embankment and terrain display both cluster and single conifers, wild grasses, and dirt. The right embankment displays hilly terrain that displays single conifers and dark patches of dirt and grass. A bridge connects the embankments and can be seen in the distance. Hilly terrain is shown in the background with a gradual upward slope. The terrain displays clusters and single conifers, dirt, and wild grasses. The top of the photograph displays a large sky with clouds and mist or fog.
An outside photograph of what has been identified as the Umatilla River in Oregon. The river flows between two embankments of fir trees. The right embankment contains a high density of fir trees, and the left embankment contains a patch of fir trees surrounded by wild grasses, rock, and dirt. The river shows its currents and ripples, with a water flow toward the bottom of the photograph. The water flow appears to drop off slightly, like a small waterfall. The river first appears in the photograph after it winds around a bend in the embankments. Toward the top of the photograph a mountain range can be seen in the distance. The top of the photograph displays large, dark clouds that threaten rain.
Two tipis and a small cabin with a chimney stand in a grove of trees (deciduous without leaves and conifers) on the Umatilla Indian Reservation. A railroad track crosses the landscape on the left hand side. In the distance is a house. In the background is a line of hills.
On the Umatilla Indian reservation, two tipis are located in the woods near some railroad tracks. A house is on the other side of the tracks, behind some trees (deciduous without leaves and conifers). In the background are hills.
Two tipis stand in front of deciduous trees that have no leaves. Behind the trees is a hill. The tipi on the left has smoke coming out of the top. Farther back and to the right of that tipi is a light-colored horse. The horse does not have a saddle, horse blanket or bridle on. To the right of the tipi on the right is another light-colored horse. This horse has a bridle and horse blanket. There are also other objects on the horse's back that are perhaps hides. In between the horse and the tipi is a pile of hides.
A Native American woman, identified as Sally Chapman, in front of a backdrop on a mat with a geometric design. She wears Native American clothing, including a dress, hat, earrings, choker, and moccasins. She wears her hair in braids. In her hands she holds a bag or handbag with a geometric design. The identification of the woman is tentative and is being checked by tribal members. , [Sally Chapman, Indian, in regalia.]
A Native American woman, identified as Sabina Minthorn from the Cayuse Tribe, appears to be sitting in front of a backdrop. She faces the photographer with her hands partly crossed in front of her in her lap, which is where the photo cuts off. Her two long dark braids are tucked into the front of her belt, which has a geometric figure in the middle. She wears a choker necklace and has bracelets on both arms and rings on both hands. The top of her dress has squares of geometric beading, and its sleeves end in fringes. She wears a cloth shirt, or, possibly, underdress, underneath her leather dress. The old style deer tail dress is a dress that has a deer tail on the front and sometimes the back of a dress with beadwork around the tail. As in this photograph its tail is under her chin.
A Native American woman, identified as Sabina Minthorn of the Cayuse tribe, holds her baby in a cradleboard. The woman wears a headscarf and a shawl. The cradleboard includes an embroidered floral motif, beadwork, and leather fringe.
A Native American woman, identified as Ruth Coyote of the Cayuse tribe, stands smiling, supporting a cradleboard on her right. She is wrapped in a long striped shawl. Her hair is braided. An infant is laced up to its neck in the cradleboard. Its head is supported by a padded headrest decorated with geometric designs. The top of the cradleboard is decorated with beads and a floral applique.
A Native American woman, identified as Ruth Coyote of the Cayuse tribe, stands supporting a cradleboard on her right. In the cradleboard, laced up to its neck, is an infant wearing a frilled cap. The baby's head is supported by a headrest. The top of the cradleboard is decorated with beads and a stylized floral applique. Ruth Coyote is wearing a plain dress with a dark and light striped collar. She is wrapped in a plaid shawl. Her hair is braided and tied with ribbons. The backdrop is a light blanket with stripes at each end. Another blanket with geometric designs is at the bottom of the photograph.
A man is grappling with a bull. His arms are wrapped around its head. The man is wearing Euro-American style clothing. Three individuals on horseback look on in the background. The image shows some staining occurred on the original negative before duplication.
An outside photograph of a Native American woman who has been identified as Rosa Paul. She is standing on a Pendleton blanket, in front of an unadorned blanket backdrop hanging from a wooden frame. The woman is turned from the camera so that only her left profile and attire can be seen. She is dressed in a buckskin dress with multiple layers of fringe, starting at her shoulder and ending at her dress hem. There are various sizes of beads hanging off the fringe. She is wearing bracelets on her left arm. On her head is a cornhusk hat with a "v-styled" geometric design. Her hair is braided and she wears large, circle-shaped earrings. She is wearing moccasins. On her back she is carrying a baby in a cradleboard with elaborate beadwork in a floral design at the top. The bottom of the cradleboard is buckskin that is laced down the middle. There is fringe dividing the cradleboard top and bottom, with beads on some of the fringe.
A Native American woman, identified as Rosa Paul of the Walla Wall tribe, stands to the left of a large tipi. She has on a long fringed leather dress which is decorated across the shoulders. She is wearing a basket hat on her head. It has woven geometric designs. Rosa Paul has long braids. She is wearing a cradleboard on her back. There is an infant in the cradleboard. Behind Rosa Paul there is a log and a pile of sacks and some cloth on the ground. The cloth is decorated with a geometic design. One of the sacks appears to have potatoes in it. Against the tipi are some cloth or bags and two metal pots or bowls. The tipi is covered with woven Tule mats. The entrance is covered with a piece of cloth.
A Native American woman, possibly misidentified as Rosa Paul of the Cayuse or Walla tribe, stands in front of a tipi, facing the left side of the picture. She is wearing a basket hat and a long fringed dress decorated across the shoulders with geometric designs. At her left side is a woven bag decorated with a stylized tree and birds. On her back is a cradleboard wrapped in a piece of spotted cloth. Behind Rosa Paul is a gate or fence made of brush and poles. In the foreground is a broom. The tipi is tall and made of poles leaned together like a tipi. It is covered with woven mats. The doorway is covered by a piece of cloth. Much of what she is wearing are photographer's props.
An outside photograph of a Native American woman who has been identified as Rosa Paul. She is standing on a Pendleton blanket, in front of an unadorned blanket backdrop hanging from a wooden frame. She is posed holding a bow and arrow. On her head is a cornhusk hat with a "v-shaped" geometric design. Her hair is braided, and she has large, circular earrings. There is a choker around her neck and bracelets on both her arms. Her dress is highly decorative, with beadwork across her blouse and around the edge of each sleeve. There is additional beadwork around her waist which forms an apron and side pouch or pocket. The bottom third of her dress shows more beadwork in a spiral design. She is wearing moccasins and leggings under her dress. On the left of the photograph is a wooden walkway with trees in the background.
A Native American woman, identified as Rosa Parr of the Walla Walla Tribe, is seated on a chair in front of a blanket backdrop. The woman is dressed in a buckskin dress with fringes and beadwork. She is wearing beaded moccasins and a woven cornhusk hat. Her hair is long and divided into two tresses that are either partially braided or tied. Her jewelry includes a beaded choker and bracelet, several copper bracelets, and two rings. She is holding on her lap an unidentified wooden handled tool or implement, with leather straps attached to the base of the handle. The chair she is seated on and the ground under her feet are covered by a Pendleton blanket. The blanket backdrop appears to be suspended by a wooden structural frame and there is some white cloth visible on the sides of the frame, overlapping the blanket. The backdrop is placed in a grassy area next to a wooden plank walkway. Some tall trees and a fence are visible in the background.
Rev. James N. Cornelison sits in the doorway of a house. He sits at ease petting a large spotted dog. He is dressed in a suit with open jacket, vest, fold-down collar, and plaid bow tie, and appears to be wearing cowboy boots. He has a mustache and short beard. His legs are crossed and partially obscured by a plaid blanket, half of which lies in a heap at his feet. Next to it on the Reverend's right is a small pile of kindling and a chopped log. Behind him in the interior of the dwelling stands a table with turned legs, on which are piled a number of books. A cord or rope lies on the ground next to the dog.
Native American girl, identified as Som-kin of the Walla-Walla tribe. She has braids and is wearing a native dress, shawl or blanket over the shoulders, scarf over lap, beaded necklaces, beaded choker, and shell earrings
A Native American boy, identified as Pope Leo White Bull of the Cayuse tribe and the Umatilla tribe, stands on a blanket in front of a backdrop. He wears Native American clothing or costume, including a headdress or hat, a bead and hairbone bandoleer, a cloth shirt, a breechcloth with a geometric motif, a shirt, leggings, and moccasins. On the blanket at the boy's feet are eagle feathers and an object that is possibly a fan.
An outside photograph of two men: one is a Euro-American and the other a Native American. Both men are standing in front of a multi-layered tule mat tipi. The photographer has identified the Native American man as Poker Jim. He is wearing a cowboy hat and is wrapped in a Pendleton blanket that reaches his ankles. He is holding the reins of a barebacked horse. The Euro-American is wearing a suit and overcoat and has both hands in his coat pockets. He also is wearing a derby hat. There are six visible external poles leaning against the tipi, presumably to hold down the woven mats. To the men's right, leaning against the tipi, is a homemade ladder that appears to be made of similar poles. The background shows a hint of hillside, along with cottonwood trees and a lone pine tree. At the base of the pine tree is a stack of firewood.
A Native American man, known as Poker Jim, is standing with his eyes closed, and is displaying a medal he is wearing around his neck. He is wearing a feathered headdress, a buckskin shirt, and a necklace. An animal fur and a piece of woven fabric hang from his side.
A Native American man identified as Poker Jim, Chief of Round Up, sits in front of a backdrop. He wears traditional Native American clothing, including a buckskin coat and a headdress with feathers, furs, and other ornamentation. His eyes are closed and in his right hand he holds a medal with a likeness of a European American man in profile. In his left hand he holds an object, possibly a scabbard, that is made of buckskin and decorated with beadwork. , Poker Jim, Chief of Roundup. [Seated studio portrait. Man wears traditional attire, and has medal around neck related to a historic encounter.]
A Native American man, identified as Poker Jim, Chief at Round Up, stands on a mat with a geometric motif and wears Native American clothing, including a buckskin coat with fringe, a headdress with eagle feathers, fur and other ornamentation, and moccasins. In his left arm he holds a rifle in a buckskin scabbard with beadwork and fringe. A fur is draped over his right forearm and in his right hand he holds a medal that is worn around his neck.
A Native American man, identified as Poker Jim, Chief at Round Up, sits in a chair wearing Native American clothing, including a buckskin coat with fringe, a headdress with eagle feathers, fur and other ornamentation, and moccasins. In his left hand he holds a rifle in a buckskin scabbard ornamented with beadwork, fringe, and an eagle feather. A fur is draped over his right forearm and in his right hand he holds a medal with a likeness of a European American in profile.
Three Native American men and four children stand around outside a tipi. They are accompanied by two horses, a cow and two calves. More livestock are visible in the backround. One of the calves appears to be nursing. Miscellaneous gear and supplies sit on the edge of the photograph, just to the left of the tipi.
A Native American girl, identified as Petints of the Walla Walla tribe, is standing in front of a blanket. She is wearing a Euro-American style dress, plain moccasins, and a bracelet. Her hair is tied in braids tucked behind her ears.
An outside photograph of an older Native American man posing in front of an unadorned blanket backdrop that is hung on a wooden frame. He has been identified as Peo, and is dressed in regalia, standing on a Pendleton blanket. For his headdress, he is wearing a single trail bonnet. Around his neck, he is wearing a choker, two bear claw necklaces, and a loop necklace. He is bare-chested and exhibits what appear to be metal armbands and bracelets on both arms. He may be wearing a leather belt, over which is wrapped a decorative loincloth. He is also dressed in buckskin leggings and beaded moccasins. He is holding a rifle barrel in his left hand; the wooden rifle stock is decorated. There may be a hairbone bandoleer lying on a wooden walkway to the man's right side.
A Native American man standing outside against a black fabric backdrop hung from the side of a building. He is wearing a horned and feathered headdress, a buckskin shirt, geometrically-beaded moccasins, a necklace, and a blanket wrapped around his legs. He is holding an unidentified object in his left hand with hair or fur on the end of it.
Seven Indians, including Parson Motanic, another man, three women, a child and a baby, ride in a Hudson Automobile down a street in town. Parson Motanic and the other man wear buckskin shirts and headdresses, one of which is horned. The women wear head scarves.
A Native American man, identified as Parson Motanic, is standing outside. He is wearing a horned headdress with eagle feathers, a necklace, a vest, and moccasins. He is holding a hatchet in his hands. Various furs and blanket strips are laid out around and behind Parson Motanic. All of the items depicted are the property of the Motanic family, rather than photographer's props.
A Native American man, identified as Parson Motanic of the Cayuse tribe, sits in the driver's seat of a convertible Hudson automobile, which is parked on the side of a street in town. A younger Native American man, a Native American woman, a younger Native American woman, two Native American girls, and a Native American infant also sit in the car. The men wear hats and Parson Motanic wears a buckskin coat. The women wear headscarves, headbands and shawls. The front and driver side of the Hudson automobile are visible in the picture and a house is prominent in the background.
A Native American man, identified as Parson Motanic, sits in a convertible Hudson automobile, which is parked on the side of a street in town. A young man sits in the passenger seat and two younger women and a girl sit in the back seat. The men wear Euro-American clothing, including hats, neckties, collared shirts and jackets, and the women wear blouses and headscarves. Houses and other automobiles are visible in the background.
Two men, two women, three children and an infant sit in a Hudson convertible automobile on a rural street. There are three houses, and some trees in the background. The Men and women are wearing Euro-American clothing, both men wear hats, and the women wear shawls or headscarves.
Two Native American girls, identified as being from the Cayuse tribe, are standing on a blanket, outside in front of a tipi. One girl is wearing a dress, moccasins, earrings, and a necklace. Another girl is wearing a dress, moccasins, a necklace, and a belt. Both girls' hair is tied in braids.